Horner's Syndrome and other causes of miosis mnemonics

Horner's syndrome- MAPLE

Miosis
Anhidrosis
Ptosis
Loss of ciliospinal reflex
Enophthalmous

Other causes of miosis- POOH

Pontine Hemorrhage
Organophosphate poisoning
Opioid poisoning
Horner's syndrome

Kronig's isthmus and Traube's space

Kronig's Isthmus is a band of resonance representing lung apex. It may also be remembered as the supraclavicular region.
Boundaries: Medially: Scalene
                    Laterally: Acromion process
                    Anteriorly: Clavicle
                    Posteriorly: Trapezius

Impaired dullness: Fibrosis, Upper Lobe Collapse and Mass
Hyperresonant: Emphysema, Hydropneumothorax

Traube's Space boundaries:
Superiorly: 6th rib
Laterally: Mid axillary line
Medially: Left costal margin

Dullness: Splenomegaly, Full stomach, Left Pleural Effusion, Carcinoma involving gastric fundus, Enlarged left lobe of liver, Achalasia cardia

Percussion myokymia

In a chronically wasted individual as in pulmonary tuberculosis, a percussion stroke close to sternum on the front of the chest, may cause a transient twitching of the muscle which is more marked on the side of the pulmoary affection.

Coin Test

Coin test:
Ask an assistant to put a coin on the anterior chest wall and strike the coin by another coin. Simultaneously auscultate using your stethoscope on the posterior chest wall. If you hear a bell like sound, it's due to pneumothorax.

Youtube video here.

A day to learn

I am currently on my medicine rotation and we have a fixed routine. Every morning we have a case discussion by first year residents, then ward rounds and then an evening class where we take a case by rotation. There are many things that I have learnt in these past two weeks and my recent posts have been about what I have gained from these classes and not found in textbooks. It's like my personal way of bookmarking and access it from wherever I want to and you guys can benefit from it too.

Today, instead of the usual history taking and examination we just looked at some findings in different patients, We finally palpated a liver and a spleen and again a liver (but this time by dipping method). It just bounces right back at your fingers. YES!

We also palpated a supraclavicular lymph node. And we saw swan neck deformity. And. And. We saw spider nevi. It's not as big as it looks in the books. It looked like a small red papule.

Today was one of the days where I wanted to see more. Feel more. Know more. Not read. But experience. Aah! I love such days.

Barrel Chest Anatomy/ Features

What are the features of a barrel shaped chest?

AP:Transverse :: 1:1

Anteriorly:

• Supraclavicular fossa is prominent
• Angle of Louis is prominent
• Cricosternal distance is reduced
• Obtuse subcostal angle  (due to horizontal placement of ribs)

Posteriorly: Kyphosis

Laterally:

• Ribs are horizontal
• Intercostal space widen
• Intercostal indrawing

Med-sources II

Action speaks louder than words!
It takes a great deal to be an expert in anatomy. Tens and hundreds of pictures from all angles given in the book/ atlas can sometimes do nothing. So, here is a one stop website to learn basic anatomy and basic physiology of the respiratory system using animations.

Did you know just like an instagram for doctors, there is an youtube for medicos? And a kinda sorta wikipedia? Well, now you know!

Also, bookmark this. It contains some anatomy, histology and embryology.

This was in my drafts. Saved in November 2011. Posting it now for our new 1st and 2nd year medicos.

SLE Mnemonic

@MD SOPHARINA

Malar Rash
Discoid Rash
Serositis (Pleuritis and Pericarditis seen as rub and effusion)
Oral Ulcer
Photosentitivity
Hematological (Hemolytic anemia, Leukopenia <4000/uL, Lymphopenia <1000/uL, Thrombocytopenia <100000/uL)
ANA
Renal (Proteinuria >0.5g/day or 3+ in dipstick)
Immunological (Anti ds DNA, Anti Sm Antibodies)
Neurological (Seizures, Psychosis without any other cause)
Arthritis (2 or more peripheral joints)

Additional features:
Raynaud's phenomenon
Jaccoud arthropathy
Livedo reticularis

Peripheral signs in Aortic Regurgitation

Start the 17 signs from the hands, go up to the forehead and come down the trunk.

Cranial Nerve Nuclei Mnemonic

CeMi Pons Medu
2   2   4       4

Cerebellum   Cranial nerves 1, 2 lie in the cerebellum
Midbrain       CN 3, 4
Pons              CN 5, 6, 7, 8
Medulla        CN 9, 10, 11, 12

I know this wasn't exactly a mnemonic. In case this didn't help you, here's a bonus link: Brainstem Rules of 4 (for the gunners)

Upper Motor Neuron Lesion Mnemonic

In UMN lesion, there is hypertonia. The tone is increased in the extensors of lower limbs and flexors of upper limbs.

LEG: Legs Extensors Greater tone

Uremia Symptoms Mnemonic

NAWAB PEG
Nausea/ Vomiting
Anorexia
Weakness/ Fatigue
Acidosis
Bleeding

Pruritus
Encephalopathy
Gastritis